First Trial - Publications

1. Bilimoria KY, Chung JW, Hedges LV, et al. National Cluster-Randomized Trial of Duty-Hour Flexibility in Surgical Training. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(8):713-727. PMID: 26836220.

2. Asch DA, Bilimoria KY, Desai SV. Resident Duty Hours and Medical Education Policy - Raising the Evidence Bar. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(18):1704-1706. PMID: 28402246.

3. Ban KA, Chung JW, Matulewicz RS, et al. Gender-Based Differences in Surgical Residents' Perceptions of Patient Safety, Continuity of Care, and Well-Being: An Analysis from the Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) Trial. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(2):126-136 e122. PMID: 27884804.

4. Bilimoria KY, Chung JW, Hedges LV. External validity is also an ethical consideration in cluster-randomised trials of policy changes. BMJ Qual Saf. 2019;28(2):167. PMID: 30314975.

5. Bilimoria KY, Chung JW, Hedges LV, et al. Development of the Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) Trial Protocol: A National Cluster-Randomized Trial of Resident Duty Hour Policies. JAMA Surg. 2016;151(3):273-281. PMID: 26720622.

6. Bilimoria KY, Hoyt DB, Lewis F. Making the Case for Investigating Flexibility in Duty Hour Limits for Surgical Residents. JAMA Surg. 2015;150(6):503-504. PMID: 25901476.

7. Bilimoria KY, Hoyt DB, Lewis F. Perspective of the FIRST Trial Investigators on Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Changes in Resident Work Environment and Duty Hours. JAMA Surg. 2017;152(10):903-904. PMID: 28679002.

8. Bilimoria KY, Hoyt DB, Lewis FR. Surgical Resident Duty Hours. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(24):2402-2403. PMID: 27305198.

9. Bilimoria KY, Quinn CM, Dahlke AR, et al. Use and Underlying Reasons for Duty Hour Flexibility in the Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) Trial. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(2):118-125. PMID: 27884805.

10. Blay E, Jr., Engelhardt KE, Hewitt DB, Dahlke AR, Yang AD, Bilimoria KY. Evaluation of Reasons Why Surgical Residents Exceeded 2011 Duty Hour Requirements When Offered Flexibility: A FIRST Trial Analysis. JAMA Surg. 2018;153(9):860-862. PMC6233647 PMID: 29898203.

11. Blay E, Jr., Hewitt DB, Chung JW, et al. Association Between Flexible Duty Hour Policies and General Surgery Resident Examination Performance: A Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) Trial Analysis. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(2):137-142. PMC5851285 PMID: 27884802.

12. Chung JW, Bilimoria KY, Stulberg JJ, Quinn CM, Hedges LV. Estimation of Population Average Treatment Effects in the FIRST Trial: Application of a Propensity Score-Based Stratification Approach. Health Serv Res. 2018;53(4):2567-2590. PMC6051989 PMID: 28833067.

13. Dahlke AR, Johnson JK, Greenberg CC, et al. Gender Differences in Utilization of Duty-hour Regulations, Aspects of Burnout, and Psychological Well-being Among General Surgery Residents in the United States. Ann Surg. 2018;268(2):204-211. PMID: 29462009.

14. Dahlke AR, Quinn CM, Chung JW, Bilimoria KY. Surgical Residents' Work Hours and Well-Being in Year 2 of the FIRST Trial. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(2):192-194. PMID: 28700847.

15. Desai SV, Asch DA, Bellini LM, et al. Education Outcomes in a Duty-Hour Flexibility Trial in Internal Medicine. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(16):1494-1508. PMC6101652 PMID: 29557719.

16. Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Hu YY, et al. Can the Culture of Surgical Residency be Measured? An Empirical National Assessment of the Learning Environment. 2019. Link.

17. Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Hu YY, et al. Modifiable Risk Factors Associated with Burnout, Thoughts of Attrition, and Suicidal Ideation in Surgical Residents. 2019. Link.

18. Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Hu YY, et al. A Comprehensive National Survey on Thoughts of Attrition, Alternative Career Paths, and Reasons for Staying in General Surgery Residency. 2019. Link.

19. Hu YY, Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, et al. National Evaluation of Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment in U.S. Surgical Residency Programs. 2019. Link.

20. Kreutzer L, Dahlke AR, Love R, et al. Exploring Qualitative Perspectives on Surgical Resident Training, Well-Being, and Patient Care. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(2):149-159. PMID: 27884806.

21. Odell DD, Quinn CM, Matulewicz RS, et al. Association between Hospital Safety Culture and Surgical Outcomes in a Statewide Surgical Quality Improvement Collaborative. J Am Coll Surg. 2019. PMID: 30862538.

22. Rajaram R, Chung JW, Cohen ME, et al. Association of the 2011 ACGME Resident Duty Hour Reform with Postoperative Patient Outcomes in Surgical Specialties. J Am Coll Surg. 2015;221(3):748-757. PMID: 26228013.

23. Rajaram R, Chung JW, Jones AT, et al. Association of the 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform with general surgery patient outcomes and with resident examination performance. JAMA. 2014;312(22):2374-2384. PMID: 25490328.

24. Rajaram R, Saadat L, Chung J, et al. Impact of the 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform on hospital patient experience and processes-of-care. BMJ Qual Saf. 2016;25(12):962-970. PMID: 26717986.

25. Saadat LV, Dahlke AR, Rajaram R, et al. Program Director Perceptions of Surgical Resident Training and Patient Care under Flexible Duty Hour Requirements. J Am Coll Surg. 2016;222(6):1098-1105. PMID: 27234632.

26. Stulberg JJ, Pavey ES, Cohen ME, Ko CY, Hoyt DB, Bilimoria KY. Effect of Flexible Duty Hour Policies on Length of Stay for Complex Intra-Abdominal Operations: A Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) Trial Analysis. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(2):143-148 e141. PMID: 27884801.