1. Hu YY, Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Yang AD, Cheung EOY, Moskowitz JT, Potts JR, Buyske J, Hoyt DB, Nasca T, Bilimoria KY. Discrimination, Abuse, Harassment and Burnout. NEJM. 2019; 381(18), 1741-1752. PMID: 31657887.

2. Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Hu YY, Johnson JK, Merkow RP, Yang AD, Potts JR, 3rd, Hoyt DB, Buyske J, Bilimoria KY. An Empirical National Assessment of the Learning Environment and Factors Associated With Program Culture. Ann Surg. 2019;270(4):585-592. PMID: 31425291.

3. Hewitt DB, Ellis RJ, Chung JW, Cheung EOY, Moskowitz JT, Huang R, Merkow RP, Yang AD, Hu YY, Cohen ME, Clifford Y, Hoyt DB, Billimoria KY. Association of Surgical Resident Wellness with Medical Errors and Patient Outcomes. Ann Surg. 2020; 274(2): 396-402. PMID: 32282379.

4. Hu YY, Ellis RJ, Bilimoria KY. Mistreatment and Burnout in Surgical Residency Training. Reply. NEJM. 2020; 382(6):582-583. PMID: 32023391

5. Ellis RJ, Hu YY, Jones AT, Kopp JP, Soper NJ, Hoyt DB, Buyske J. Association between Resident Training Experience and Program Performance on Board Examinations. JAMA Surgery. 2020; 155(2):163-5. PMID: 31693059.

6. Engelhardt KE, Bilimoria KY, Johnson JK, Hewitt DB, Ellis RJ, Hu YY, Chung JW, Kreutzer L, Love R, Blay E, Odell DO. A National Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Preparedness for General Surgery Residency and the Association with Resident Burnout. JAMA Surg. 2020; 155(9):851-9. PMID: 32804992.

7. Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Hu YY, Engelhardt KE, Yang AD, Merkow RP, Bilimoria K. A Comprehensive National Survey on Thoughts of Leaving Residency, Alternative Career Paths, and Reasons for Staying in General Surgery Residency. Am. J. Surg. 2020; 219(2):227-32. PMID: 31679652.

8. Hu YY, Bilimoria KY. Evaluating Organizational Structures and Institutional Policy for Wellbeing. In: Kim E, Lindeman B (Ed.), Wellbeing. New York, NY: Springer International Publishing; 2020:235-43. Link.

9. Zhang LM, Cheung EO, Eng JS, Ma M, Etkin CD, Agarwal G, Shanafelt TD, Riall TS, Nasca T, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY, Johnson JK. Development of a Conceptual Model for Understanding the Learning Environment and Surgical Resident Well-Being. Am. J. Surg. 2020; 221(2):323-30. PMID: 33121657.

10. Hewitt DB, Ellis RJ, Hu YY, Cheung EOY, Moskowitz JT, Bilimoria KY. Evaluating the Impact of Multiple Burnout Definitions and Thresholds on Prevalence and Outcomes. JAMA Surg.2020; 155(11):1043-9. PMID: 32902609.

11. Yuce TK, Turner PL, Glass C, Hoyt DB, Nasca T, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. National Evaluation of Racial/Ethnic Discrimination in US Surgical Residency Programs. JAMA Surg. 2020; 155(6):526-8. PMID: 32293655.

12. Yuce TK, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Discrimination in US Surgical Training Programs-Reply. JAMA Surg.2020; 155(11):1084-1085. PMID: 32822453.

13. Zhang LM, Ellis RJ, Ma M, Cheung EO, Buyske J, Hoyt DB, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Prevalence, Types, and Sources of Bullying Reported by US General Surgery Residents in 2019. JAMA. 2020; 323(20): 2093-2095. PMID: 32453357.

14. Hewitt DB, Ellis RJ, Cheung EO, Moskowitz JT, Hu YY, Merkow RP, Yang AD, Bilimoria KY. National Evaluation of Surgical Resident Grit and Association with Wellness Outcomes. JAMA Surg. 2021;156(9): 856-53. PMID: 34190990.

15. Schlick C, Ellis RJ, Etkin CD, Greenberg CC, Greenberg JA, Turner PL, Buyske J, Hoyt DB, Nasca T, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Experiences of Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment among U.S. General Surgery Residents. JAMA Surg.2021;156(10):942-52. PMID: 34319377.

16. Brajcich BC, Chung JW, Wood DE, Horvath KD, Tolley PD, Yates EF, Are C, Ellis RJ, Hu YY, Bilimoria KY. National Evaluation of the Association Between Resident Labor Union Participation and Surgical Trainee Well-Being. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123412. PMID:34468754.

17. Khorfan R, Hu YY, Agarwal G, Eng J, Riall T, Choi J, Are C, Shanafelt T, Bilimoria KY, Cheung EO. The Role of Personal Accomplishment in General Surgery Resident Well-Being. Ann Surg. 2021; 274(1): 12-17. PMID: 33491973.

18. Ellis RJ, Nicolas JD, Cheung E, Zhang LM, Ma M, Turner P, Nussbaum MS, Are C, Smink DS, Etkin C, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Comprehensive Characterization of the General Surgery Residency Learning Environment and the Association with Resident Burnout. Ann Surg. 2021; 274(1): 6-11. PMID: 33605580.

19. Huang R, Hewitt DB, Cheung EO, Agarwal G, Etkin CD, Smink DS, Shanafelt TD, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Burnout Phenotypes among U.S. General Surgery Residents. Journal of Surgical Education 2021;78(6):1814-24. PMID: 33935019.

20. Bilimoria KY. Association for Academic Surgery Presidential Address-Fanning the Burnout Fire: How Our Misconceptions and Good Intentions Could Fail Tomorrow's Surgeons. J Surg Res. 2021; 257:A1-A11. PMID: 32768197.

21. Chia MC, Hu YY, Li RD, Cheung EO, Eng JS, Zhan T, Sheahan MG, Bilimoria KY, Coleman DM. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Burnout in US Vascular Surgery Trainees. J Vasc Surg. 2022;75(1):308-15. PMID:34298120.

22. Heiderscheit EA, Schlick CJ, Ellis RJ, Cheung EO, Irizarry D, Amortegui D, Sosa JA, Hoyt DB, Buyske J, Nasca TJ, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Experiences of LGBTQ Residents in U.S. General Surgery Programs. JAMA Surgery 2022;157(1)23-32. PMID:34668969.

23. Castillo-Angeles M, Atkinson RB, Easter SR, Gosain A, Hu YY, Cooper Z, Kim ES, Rangel EL. Pregnancy During Surgical Training: Are Residency Programs Truly Supporting their Trainees? Journal of Surgical Education 2022; in press. PMID:35842402.

24. Joung R, Amortegui D, Silver CM, Mackiewicz NI, Eng JS, Rosenkranz KM, Johnson J, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. A National Mixed-Methods Evaluation of General Surgery Residency Program Responsiveness and the Association with Resident Wellness. Journal of Surgical Education 2022; 79(6):e1-e11. PMID:35660306.

25. Foote D, Evans J, Engler T, Gutterman S, Lussiez A, Amortegui D, Bilimoria KY, Johnson JK, Hu YY, Sandhu G. How Program Directors Understand General Surgery Resident Wellness. Journal of Surgical Education 2022;79(6):e48-e60. PMID:35948485.

26. Rosenblatt A, Ballard HA, Amortegui D, Yuce T, Bilimoria KY, Johnson JK, Hu YY. Invisible Work: Advanced Practice Providers’ Role in the Education of Surgeons. Journal of Surgical Education 2022;79(6):1353-62. PMID:35863959.

27. Cardell C, Yuce T, Zhan T, Eng JS, Cheung EO, Etkin CD, Amortegui D, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. What They Aren’t Telling Us: An Analysis of Non-Responders on a National Survey of Resident Well-Being. Annals of Surgery Open 2022;3(4):e228. PMID: 36590893.

28. Cheung EO, Hu YY, Jones A, Ma M, Schlick CJR, Zhang LM, Moskowitz JT, Agarwal G, Buyske J, Bilimoria KY. Assessing Resident Well-Being After the ABSITE: A Bad Time to Ask? Annals of Surgery Open 2022;3(4):e209. PMID:36590890.

29. Nasca BJ, Cheung EO, Eng JS, Zhang LM, Smink DS, Greenberg JA, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. National Comparison of Program Director Perceptions vs. Resident Reports of the Learning Environment and Well-Being. Journal of Surgical Education 2023;80(1):72-80. PMID:36207254.

30. Delgado-Felipa J, Hu A, Eng J, Alam HB, McKoy JM, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Mistreatment and Wellness Amongst International Medical Graduates in General Surgical Residency Training. JAMA Surgery 2023;158(3):323-5. PMID:36598764.

31. Pillado EB, Li RD, Eng JS, Chia MC, Conway A, Gomez-Sanchez C, Shaw P, Sheahan MG, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY, Coleman DM. Persistent Racial Discrimination Amongst Vascular Surgery Trainees Threatens Wellness. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2023;77(1):262-8. PMID:36245144.

32. Pillado EB, Li RD, Eng JS, Chia MC, Sheahan MG, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY, Coleman DM. Defining Sources and Ramifications of Mistreatment among Female Vascular Surgery Trainees. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2023;78(3):797-804. PMID: 37088443.

33. Abahuje E, Smith KS, Amortegui D, Eng JS, Philbin SE, Verma R, Dastoor JD, Schlick C, Ma M, Mackiewicz NI, Choi JN, Greenberg J, Johnson JK, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. See One, Do One, Improve One’s Wellness: Resident Autonomy in US General Surgery Programs, a Mixed-Methods Study. Annals of Surgery 2023;278(6):1045-52. PMID:37450707.

34. Abahuje E, Yang S, Hu YY, Alam HB, Rosenblatt A, Ballard H, Slocum JD, Stey AM, Johnson JK. Mixed Methods Assessment of Incivility during Surgical Mortality and Morbidity Assessment. Annals of Surgery 2023; in press. PMID:37638402.

35. Li RD, Pillado E, DiLosa K, Chia MC, Visenio M, Zhan T, Eng JS, Amortegui D, Johnson JK, Sheahan MG, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY, Coleman DM. Perception of Shared Learning Environment Differs between Vascular Surgery and General Surgery Residents. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2023; in press. PMID:38070784.

36. Silver CM and Yuce TK, Clarke CN, Schlick CJ, Khorfan R, Amortegui D, Nussbaum M, Turner P, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY. Disparities in Mentorship and Implications for Surgical Resident Wellness and Education. JAMA Surgery 2024; in press.

37. Naterwala T, Chia MC, Khorfan R, Cheung EO, Eng JS, Hu YY, Bilimoria KY. Associations between Program Doximity Reputation Rank and Well-Being in General Surgery Residents. Journal of Surgical Research 2024; in press. PMID: 38350298 .

38. Akhavan A, Zhan, T, Lall M, Barton M, Reisdorff E, Hu YY, Bilimoria KY, Lu D. Suicidal Ideation, Perception of Personal Safety, and Career Regret among Emergency Medicine Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. AEM Education and Training 2024; in press.